A practical, high-impact list of variable data points you should collect for a nationwide pollution-control database of Indian factories. These are structured so they can be used in regulation, monitoring, analytics, and audits
✅ 1. Factory Identification & Classification
These make the unit uniquely identifiable.
Basic Info
- Factory Name
- Address (State, District, PIN)
- GPS Coordinates
- Owner/Company Name
- Contact Details
- Factory Type (Large, Medium, Small – MSME category)
- Industry Category (Red / Orange / Green)
Regulatory IDs
- CIN (Corporate Identification Number)
- GSTIN
- PCB Consent to Establish (CTE) Number
- PCB Consent to Operate (CTO) Number
- Validity Dates (CTE, CTO)
✅ 2. Production Data (Variable)
Needed to link pollution load to scale of operations.
- Daily/Monthly Production Quantity
- Raw Materials Consumption
- Energy Consumption (electricity, coal, gas, diesel)
- Hours of Operation per Day
- Seasonal Variations (Monsoon/Winter/Summer)
✅ 3. Air Pollution Data
Emission Source Details
- Boilers (type, capacity, fuel)
- Furnaces/Kilns
- Generators
- Stacks (height, diameter)
Continuous Emission Monitoring (CEMS) Data
- PM₂.₅, PM₁₀
- SO₂
- NOₓ
- CO
- CO₂
- VOCs
- Ammonia
- Opacity
- Flue Gas Temperature
- Flow Rate
Air Pollution Control Devices
- Scrubber type & efficiency
- ESP (Electrostatic Precipitator) performance
- Bag filter condition
- Activated carbon filters
- Maintenance logs
- Downtime events
✅ 4. Water Pollution Data
Water Use
- Total Freshwater Intake (daily/monthly)
- Groundwater Extraction (requires CGWA compliance)
- Recycled/Reused Water
Effluent Data
- Total Effluent Generated
- Effluent Treatment Plant (ETP) capacity
- Common Effluent Treatment Plant (CETP) membership
Pollutant Measurements
- pH
- BOD, COD
- TSS (Total Suspended Solids)
- TDS
- Oil & Grease
- Heavy Metals (Lead, Chromium, Mercury, Arsenic)
- Ammonia
- Nitrates
- Phosphates
ETP Monitoring
- Inlet vs outlet water quality
- Sludge generation
- ETP downtime logs
- Treated water discharge location (river, drain, land irrigation)
✅ 5. Solid Waste & Hazardous Waste
- Type of Waste (Category as per Hazardous Waste Rules)
- Daily/Monthly Waste Quantity
- Method of Storage
- Disposal Method (incineration, landfill, recycling)
- Disposal Partner Details (TSDF or recycler)
- Manifest Tracking Numbers
- Fly ash generation & utilization
✅ 6. Noise Pollution
- Decibel readings at boundary
- Decibel readings at workplace
- Equipment list causing noise
- Shift-wise variation
✅ 7. Environmental Compliance History
- Last Inspection Date
- Inspection Reports
- Show-cause Notices
- Environmental Compensation Fines
- Legal Cases
- Accidents or Hazardous Events
- Complaints by Citizens/NGOs
✅ 8. Green Measures / ESG Data
- Renewable Energy Usage (solar, wind)
- Carbon Footprint Estimates
- Rainwater Harvesting
- Plantation/Green belt area
- Zero Liquid Discharge (ZLD) compliance
- ISO 14001 (Environmental Management System) certification
- CSR activities related to environment
✅ 9. Surrounding Environment Data
Useful for hotspot mapping.
- Nearby rivers, lakes, ponds
- Groundwater table depth
- AQI of surrounding region
- Population density in 2 km radius
- Sensitive receptors (schools, hospitals, wildlife areas)
✅ 10. IoT Sensor Integration (Real-time)
If building a modern database:
- Real-time stack emissions (CEMS)
- Real-time effluent quality (CEQMS)
- Real-time noise sensors
- Real-time groundwater level monitors
- Power consumption sensors (helps detect illegal operations at night)
⭐ Recommended Final Schema Structure
Divide into 6 master tables:
- Factory Master
- Production Data
- Air Pollution & CEMS Data
- Water Pollution & CEQMS Data
- Waste Management
- Compliance & Enforcement